之所以要把燈調到暗, 完全是爲了乘客們的安全。
航空業的絕大多數槼則和做法都是以過去的事件和意外情況爲基礎的。它們發生後會被仔細檢查。通過這些研究和考察，制定並實施了使航空更安全、更有效的槼則。
當人眼從光環境移動到黑暗環境時，要經過一段時間讓視覺敏感度逐漸提高，才能看到暗處的物體，即暗適應過程。經研究顯示，在進入暗處的最初7分鍾之内，人眼感光閾值會出現一次明顯下降；在進入暗處25-30分鍾之後，閾值才會下降至最低點。在飛機起飛前3分鍾和降落前8分鍾，飛行是最危險的，民航業内有一個專業的術語——危險十一分鍾，也有人將其稱爲“魔鬼十一分鍾”。這段時間内關閉燈光可以讓人們提前進行暗適應過程，這樣在出現緊急情況時，乘客能夠跟隨緊急出口燈光，快速找到出口。
同時飛行員也會將駕駛艙的燈光關閉，方便看到指示燈信號。
也有說法是關閉燈光是爲了讓飛機能夠將能源集中在發動機，保证飛行平穩。
參考資料1: Why are the lights turned off during Landing and Takeoff on an airplane?
The vast majority of rules and practices in aviation are based on past incidents and unexpected situations. They are examined in detail after they occur. As a result of these researches and examinations, rules that can make aviation safer and more effective are set and implemented.
Because of this process, the motto “the rules of aviation are written in blood” is frequently used. Turning off the lights in the cabin or turning them to a very low level during landing and take-off, especially on night flights, is an application directly related to passenger safety.
When the human eye moves from light to dark environment, it needs a habituation period. During this period, human eye may not be able to see properly. During the landing and take-off stages, where flight is the most dangerous, the lights inside the aircraft are turned off and the human eye is intended to get used to the darkness.
If there is an emergency in flight at these stages, the aircraft may need to be evacuated immediately. In such an emergency, it is aimed for the passengers to follow the lights indicating the emergency exits and find the exit doors as soon as possible.
It should not be forgotten that every second counts when experiencing such an emergency.
Pilots also turn off the lights in the cockpit, especially on night flights, and adjust the lights of the instruments at low levels. In this way, it is aimed that the pilots use their eyes better in the dark and the lights do not turn on until the plane lands and reaches a certain altitude on take-off.
參考資料2: 民航科技上的魔鬼11分鍾
我們有些時候會在新聞媒體上得知飛機失事的消息，細心的朋友們可能會發現，大多數情況下飛機失事都發生在起降階段，那麽究竟是什麽原因導致的呢？一起來了解一下吧。
魔鬼十一分鍾
在飛機起飛前的3分鍾以及降落前的8分鍾這兩個時間段，民航業有一個專業的術語——危險十一分鍾。
爲什麽這麽說？因爲在這兩個時間段裡，空中、地面交通流量大，飛行操作繁複，高度低，在發生突發情況時不利於飛行員作出足夠準確的判斷，還會遇到各種亂流切變的干擾。
而且在起降階段，絕大多數情況下都是由飛行員通過目視加手動操作完成的，而在巡航階段一般只需要通過無線信標台自動導航。
正是由於這十一分鍾的事故率要高於其他時刻，所以也被稱爲“魔鬼十一分鍾”。
乘坐過飛機的朋友們會發現飛機在起飛降落前會進行燈光調節，調暗或者熄滅燈光。其實這並不是爲了節約成本，而是爲了保证在“魔鬼十一分鍾”裡，發電機有充足的電力供應，同時有足夠的能耗來保证飛行的平穩，使大家安全起飛/著陸。
還有一個原因就是人眼的機制，把燈光調暗可以讓乘客提前適應黑暗的環境，在飛機起降後可以清楚地看到外面的狀況，不會由於光線突變導致發生慌亂、出現意外。
